Suffix -anda, -nda


Suffixes -anda and -nda are added to pronouns and kin terms to form honorific addresses to show respect. Suffix -anda is added to bases which end with a consonant and suffix -nda to bases which end with a vowel. In most cases, a base ends with k loses the k, then followed with -nda.

Suffix -anda, base ends with a consonant
ayah "father" ayahanda
Suffix -nda, base ends with a vowel
ibu "mother" ibunda
Suffix -nda, base ends with k
kakak
adik
nenek
anak
"older brother, older sister"
"younger brother, younger sister"
"grandmother"
"child"
kakanda
adinda
nenenda
ananda

Adapted from:
Indonesian: A Comprehensive Grammar Sneddon, James Neil, Routledge, London, 1996.


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