structure1.gif (5858 bytes)

bl-green.gif (924 bytes) Consonant Classes
bl-green.gif (924 bytes) Vowels
bl-green.gif (924 bytes) Future Tense Modal
bl-green.gif (924 bytes) Superscript -็
bl-green.gif (924 bytes) To Be
bl-green.gif (924 bytes) Practice

                                                                                                                 


I.  Consonant Classes

The consonants and vowel which are introduced in this chapter are shown in brown color.

 

  Inherent

Mid tone

Inherent

Rising Tone

High  

ห ส ข ถ

Middle

ก จ ด ต ป อ

 
Low

ง ช ท น พ ม ร ว

 

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II.  Vowels

 

 

Front

Central, Unrounded

Back, Rounded

High short      
long -   -
Middle short      
long เ-   -
Low short   ไ-
ใ-
-ะ
เ-า
-ำ
 
long  
-
 

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III.   Future Tense Modal

Subject Modal +Verb Goal
เรา จะ + ไป ไถนา
มานี จะ + ตี ปูนา

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IV.   Superscript -

Superscript - is used to shorten long vowel sound.
 เป็น      ก็
---------------------------------------------------------------
หูโ เป็น สีดำ
ชูใจ ก็ ดีใจ

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V.  "To Be" Equivalents in Thai

The English verb "to be" has many different equivalents in Thai.
Here are just three examples:

1.  นาดี  = [The] ricefield [is] good (Subject + Predicate) - or good ricefield (Noun + Modifier). มานีดี = Maanii [is] good.  
The adjectives 'good, big, pretty', etc. have the verb "to be" built into them, 
i.e., 'to be good, to be big, to be pretty'.

2. มานีเป็นเด็กดี= Maanii is a good kid. 
 "pen" must be followed by a noun indicating to be something or someone, such as "a kid/child."

3.  หูโตมีสีดำ = Toe's ear is black in color.  
Here the verb is
มี 'to have'.  It would be incorrect to say หูโตเป็นสีดำ.  
The Thai verb
มี means 'to have in the sense of possessing something', in this case the quality of being black in color.

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