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Circumfix (Gabungan)

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CIRCUMFIX per-...-an

Circumfix per-...-an indicates the process or result of the action referred to by the corresponding verb. Some per-...-an nouns indicating the act of doing what the verb indicates. Per-...-an nouns with noun bases may indicate "having to do with [base]. With limited usage, per-...-an forms nouns referring to road intersections. Some per-...-an nouns refer to the place where the action of the corresponding verb occurs.   


per-...-an nouns indicating the act of doing what the verb indicates. Per-...-an nouns with noun bases may indicate "having to do with [base]

 

 

Circumfix per-...-an indicates the process or result of the action referred to by the corresponding verb

budak perbudakan "slavery"
musuh permusuhan "enmity"
saudara persaudaraan "brotherhood"
sekutu persekutuan "alliance"
wakil perwakilan "representation, delegation"
kerja bekerja pekerjaan "work"
ajar belajar pelajaran "lesson"
gerak bergerak pergerakan "movement"
janji berjanji perjanjian "promise, agreement"
temu bertemu pertemuan "meeting"


per-...-an forms nouns referring to road intersections

 



per-...-an nouns refer to the place where the action of the corresponding verb occurs

tiga pertigaan "three-way intersection"
empat perempatan "cross-roads"
henti perhentian "stopping place"
judi perjudian "gambling place"
cetak percetakan "printery"
tenun pertenunan "textile mill"

EXAMPLES:

1. Ada perbudakan dalam sejarah negara Amerika Serikat.
    There is slavery in the United States' history.

2. Para mahasiswa sangat menyukai pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia.
    The (university) students like Bahasa Indonesia lesson very much.

3. Lampu lalu lintas di perempatan di depan kampus sudah dipasang.
    Traffict lights at the cross-roads in front of the campus have been installed.

4. Ada banyak usaha pertenunan tradisional di Bali.
    There are many traditional textile mill industries in Bali.


 

Adapted from:
Indonesian: A Comprehensive Grammar
James Neil Sneddon
Routledge, London, 1996