1. hǎa-kɔ̄ɔ ຫາກໍ່ w means 'just' in the sense of 'to have just (done something)'.

ຫາກໍ່ເຈັດໂມງw	hǎa-kɔ̄ɔ cét móog	It's ust past 7 o'clock.
ຂ້ອຍຫາກໍ່ມາw	hǎa-kɔ̄ɔ máa	I have just arrived.
ຂ້ອຍຫາກໍ່ຮູ້w	khɔ̂y hǎa-kɔ̄ɔ hùu	I just found out.

2. mán ມັນw 'it', it has other meanings, as you will learn later.

ມັນຮ້ອນw

mán hɔ̀ɔn

It is hot.  (e.g. weather, food, etc.)

3. Note the use of mót ໝົດw in the following sentenses:

ຂ້ອຍມັກໝົດທັ້ງສາມw	khɔ̂y māk mót tháŋ sǎam	I like all three.
ຂ້ອຍຮຽນໝົດມື້w	khɔ̂y hían mót mỳy	I studied all day.
ນ້ຳມັນໝົດແລ້ວw	nàm-mán mót lὲεw	The gas is all gone.

4. In lesson 1 you learned that mūu ໝູ່w meant 'friend'. 

ຜູ້ໃດແມ່ນໝູ່ເຈົ້າw

phūu day mε̄εn mūu càw Which one is your friend?

mūu ໝູ່w can also be used in comparative sentences to refer to any group of objects. 

ລົດຄັນໃດເກົ່າກວ່າໝູ່w

lōt khán day kāw kūa mūu Which car is the oldest (of the group)?

The implication is that there are several cars and one of them is older than the rest.  If there were only two cars and one was older thatn the other, the word  mūu ໝູ່ w would not be used.  In this case the word kan ກັນw is used.

ລົດຄັນໃດເກົ່າກວ່າກັນw

lōt khán day kāw kūa kan Which car is the older (of the two)?

5. tháŋ ທັ່ງw combines with numbers to mean 'both', 

ທັ່ງສອງw

tháŋ-sɔ̌ɔŋ

both

or 'all',

ທັ່ງສາມw	tháŋ-sǎam	all three
ທັ່ງຫ້າw	tháŋ-hâa	all five

It also combines with other words, giving the idea of 'all' or 'all together'. 

ທັ່ງໝົດw	tháŋ-mót	all of it; all of them; all together
ທັ່ງຫຼາຍw	tháŋ-lǎay	everyone; all together

In the negative sentence, compounds with tháŋ ທັ່ງ wmust be translate differently.  

ຂ້ອຍບໍ່ເຫັນທັ່ງສອງw	khɔ̂y bɔ̄ɔ hěn tháŋ-sɔ̌ɔŋ	I didn't see either one.
ລາວບໍ່ມັກໝົດທັ່ງສີ່w	láaw bɔ̄ɔ māk mót tháŋ sīi	He doesn't like any of the four.

6. dée ເດw has been used as a question word 'how about ........?'  

ເຈົ້າເດw

càw dée

How about you?

It has other meanings depending on the context. 

Compare the following:

A	ນ້ຳມັນຍັງບໍ່ໝົດຫວາ	nàm-mán ñàŋ bɔ̄ɔ mót wáa	Oh, the gas isn't all gone yet.
B	ໝົດແລ້ວເດ	mót lὲεw dée	But it is all gone.
A	ເພິ່ນສິມາຈັກໂມງw	phǝ̄n si máa cák móoŋ	What time is he coming?
B	ເພິ່ນບໍ່ມາເດw	phǝ̄n bɔ̄ɔ máa dée	(I'm afraid) he is not coming.
A	ບໍ່ງາມເນາະw	bɔ̄ɔ ŋáam nɔ̄	It's not pretty, is it?
B	ງາມເດw	ŋáam dée	Sure it is.

Notice how B uses dée ເດw to modify an idea which is contrary to the one expressed by A.

7. Note the meaning of the following sentences.

ຟັງໄດ້ຍິນບໍ?w	fáŋ dày ñín bɔɔ	(Listening) can you hear?
ຟັງບໍ່ໄດ້ຍິນw	fáŋ bɔ̄ɔ dày ñín	(Listening) I can't hear.

ɔ̂ɔk ອອກ wmay be used as a secondary verb meaning 'to understand'.

ອ່ານອອກບໍ?w	āan ɔ̂ɔk bɔɔ	(Reading) can you understand it?
ຟັງອອກບໍ?w	fáŋ ɔ̂ɔk bɔɔ	(Reading) do you understand it?

Note the difference between answer A and B below.

	ຫາລາວພໍ້ບໍ?w	hǎa láaw phɔ̀ɔ bɔɔ Did you find him? (Looking for him)
a	ບໍ່ໄດ້ພໍ້ລາວw	bɔ̄ɔ day phɔ̀ɔ láaw I didn't find him.
b	ບໍ່ໄດ້ໄປຫາລາວw	bɔ̄ɔ day pay hǎa láaw I wasn't looking for him.